Growing vegetables in urban planter boxes is rewarding, but sunlight is crucial for success. Most fruiting vegetables like tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, and eggplants need a minimum of 6-8 hours of direct, full sun daily. They thrive in the sunniest spots on balconies, rooftops, or south-facing windowsills.
Leafy greens such as lettuce, spinach, kale, and Swiss chard are more flexible. They perform well with 4-6 hours of morning sun and appreciate some afternoon shade, especially in hot climates, to prevent bolting.
Root vegetables like carrots, radishes, and beets require at least 5-6 hours of direct sun. Herbs have varying needs; basil and rosemary love full sun, while parsley, cilantro, and mint can tolerate partial shade.
For partial shade areas (3-4 hours of sun), focus on greens and herbs. In full shade, growing traditional vegetables is challenging; consider alternatives like microgreens.
Observe your space over a day to map sun patterns. Use reflective surfaces to maximize light and rotate planters if needed. Matching plants to your available sunlight is the key to a thriving urban garden.